What’s on a Home Inspector’s Checklist? A Look at What’s Included and Missed.

Here are the main areas and systems a home inspector examines during a standard inspection -

Exterior Elements

1. Roof
During roof inspection, the inspectors check the overall condition of the roof. Also, they look for missing or broken shingles, signs of water damage, leaks, and the approximate age of the roof. Once done, they examine the gutters and drainage system. Moreover, they check for vents to see if they are clean and not clogged. Here’s what else they look for -

• There is no decay or damage on soffits and fascia
• The chimney is working fine and does not show any sign of damage
• Flashing is present around the roof penetrations and is in good conditions

2. Foundation
The home inspector checks the foundation for cracks and any signs of moisture intrusion, as these could indicate potential structural problems. If there’s significant cracking or sinking, further inspection might be recommended. Also, they check for leaks in the septic tank. Here’s what they look for in addition to the above -

• Decks and railing are secure
• Landscaping and driveways are in good condition with no visible damage
• The detached garage, shed, fence, and deck show no sign of damage due to rotten wood or termites

3. Siding and Exterior Walls
Home inspectors check for cracks in the exterior walls, in addition to any damage that might compromise your home. They also check for signs of pest infestations and ensure the siding is securely attached. Also, they ensure that the paint is not flaking or blistered. Moreover, they check for -

• Exterior walls show no stains
• The stucco shows no signs of damage
• The exterior walls showed no staining
• Window and door frames are appearing in good shape
• The exterior wall does not appear to be sagging or bowing

4. Grading and Drainage
Grading is important to prevent water from pooling around the home’s foundation. Poor drainage and grading can cause water to pool around your home and can lead to a number of issues. Inspectors look for any issues with slope or drainage that could lead to flooding or water damage. The following are also included in the checklist -

• If the water flows away from the home
• Inspect downspouts and gutter system
• Assess the slopes around the property foundation

Interior Systems

1. Electrical System
The home inspector reviews the electrical systems to ensure they meet safety standards. They check outlets, breakers, wiring, and the condition of the electrical panel. Thus, it is necessary to verify that circuits are properly grounded and that no immediate hazards exist. Here’s what they check for -

• No knob and tube wiring
• No exposed electrical splices
• Visible wiring is in good condition
• No aluminum cables are used for branch circuits

2. Plumbing System
Inspectors also check the plumbing system, such as - testing water pressure, examining pipes for leaks or corrosion, and assessing the condition of the water heater. This is important for identifying potential plumbing issues that could lead to hefty repairs or water damage. Here’s what plumbing inspection includes -

• Well water is thoroughly tested
• The water pump does not short-cycle
• Water pressures fall within an acceptable range
• Drain pipes are sloped down towards the exterior

3. HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning)
Home inspectors also check the HVAC system for functionality and energy efficiency. They note the HVAC unit’s age, the cleanliness of filters, and the efficiency of heating and cooling functions. Also, they check -

• When was the unit last serviced?
• Are the HVAC installation and repair done timely?

4. Insulation and Ventilation
A home needs to have proper insulation and ventilation for a comfortable and energy-efficient home. Inspectors check insulation, especially in attics and basements. Also, they verify that vents are properly installed to reduce the risk of mold and moisture buildup.

• Check wall insulation
• If the air is leaking from the ventilation
• Are the pipes properly insulated and protected

5. Fireplaces and Chimneys
For homes with fireplaces, inspectors assess the structural integrity of the fireplace and chimney. They look for buildup, blockages, or other issues that could pose a safety hazard. Here’s what they check for -

• Fireplace damper functionality
• Chimeny flashes and caps are working well
• Looking for creosote buildup and residue

Interior Features

1. Walls, Ceilings, And Floors
Inspectors check for signs of water damage, cracks, and other structural issues. Any indication of foundation settling or water intrusion is documented for further evaluation. They also check for chips and breakage, in addition to mold and undulation, which lead to more significant issues.

• Quality of insulation and ventilation
• Mold and mildew growth (if required)
• Check if there are no water stains and leaks through the pipes behind the walls.

2. Doors and Windows
Inspectors ensure that all doors and windows open and close smoothly. In addition, they check your doors and windows are properly sealed and show no signs of cracks or moisture intrusion, which could affect the insulation. Here’s what is included in the door and window inspection checklist -

• Joints are caulked
• Drip caps are installed
• Check if the thermal glass or storm windows are installed

3. Attic and Basement
These spaces are inspected for insulation quality of the pipes, moisture issues, and signs of pests. A home inspector checks for the stains and major cracks in the basement that might compromise the integrity of the building.

Also, they check and ensure the visible floor joists show no damage or decay. Also, they check for -

• No damaged wall or floor
• Electrical splices are contained
• No evidence of water damage to the floor
• Plumbing, exhaust, and appliance vents are in the exterior of the roof

4. Kitchen
During an inspection of the kitchen, the Inspectors check that fixtures, faucets, and exhaust fans are functional. They also check if the Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) receptacles are located within 6 feet of sinks.

Moreover, they check if the garbage disposal is operational and shows no sign of rust, the water sink is functional, and the drainage is working perfectly fine. Here’s what else they inspect -

• Built-in appliances are working well
• There are water stains or damage due to leaks
• The pipes under the kitchen sink are in good condition
• Cabinet, door, and windows of the kitchen are in good condition

5. Bathroom
Home inspectors check if there is adequate water flow and pressure for hot and cold water. Also, they check if the toilet is stable and is functional. Moreover, they check if the plumbing underneath the wash basin and toilet is working well and if there is any leakage around the tap, flush, or bathtub.

In addition to these, they check for -

• The tiles are safe
• The sink, shower, and tub all drain efficiently
• The bathroom has working exhaust fan vents to the exterior
• Caulking inside and outside of the tub and shower is in optimal condition